每個(gè)人都曾試圖在平淡的學(xué)習(xí)、工作和生活中寫一篇文章。寫作是培養(yǎng)人的觀察、聯(lián)想、想象、思維和記憶的重要手段。大家想知道怎么樣才能寫一篇比較優(yōu)質(zhì)的范文嗎？下面是小編幫大家整理的優(yōu)質(zhì)范文，僅供參考，大家一起來看看吧。

英美文學(xué)1000題 英美文學(xué)18世紀(jì)英國文學(xué)篇一

couplets: a rhymed pair of iambic pentameter verse: unrhymed iambic pentameter : 14 iambic pentameter lines which follows certain rhyme conquest: in the year the normans headed by which is mainly about canterbury tales, in chaucer’s plan, was to exceed that of boccaccio’s decameron, but he failed and only 24 tales were m shakespeare, one of the first founders of the first period of his work shakespeare wrote:

1590the second and third part of king henry vi

1591the first part of king henry vi

1592the life and death of king richard iii;the comedy of errors

1593titus andronicus;the taming of the shrew

1594the two gentlemen of verona;love’s labour’s lost;romeo and juliet

1595the life and death of richard ii;a midsummer night’s dream

***8much ado about nothing;the merry wives of windsor;the life of king henry v

1599the life and death of julius caesar;as you like it

1600twelfth night, or, what you will

in the second period:

1601 1602 troilus and cressida;all’s well that ends well

160416051606antony and cleopatra

1607the tragedy of coriolanus;timon of athens

1608pericles, prince of tyre

in the third period:

1609cymbeline, king of britain

1610the winter’s tale

1612the tempest;the life of king henry viii

be, or not to be: that is the question: is soliloquy which used in a play on the stage and without a die, to sleep, no s bacon is scientist, philosopher, donne, a metaphysical poets(玄學(xué)派詩人)

john milton, his paradise lost, which tells how satan rebelled against god and how adam and eve were driven1

out of bunyan, the plain man’s pathway to heaven.成功刻畫人物。

daniel defoe, robinson crusoe, the first english novel, 是一部現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說，作品的主題是通過對(duì)主人公魯濱孫的成功刻畫，歌頌資本主義上升時(shí)期那種不畏艱難和困苦，充滿野心和冒險(xiǎn)精神，富有百折不撓，頑強(qiáng)毅力和斗志，依靠自己的雙手改變一切、創(chuàng)造一切的自我奮斗和創(chuàng)業(yè)精神。is a realistic novel, the theme is according to the successfully describe of the hero robinson, sing the praises of the not afraid of hardships and difficulties, and full of ambition and spirit of adventure , indomitable will power and fighting power, what’s more, the spirit of self-made depending on oneself in the liftperiod of swift, his gulliver’s travels, 抨擊當(dāng)時(shí)英國的議會(huì)政治和反動(dòng)的宗教勢(shì)力，通過描寫格列佛四次遇險(xiǎn)，寫出了作者看透了當(dāng)代的腐敗，以諷刺的方法，抨擊了當(dāng)時(shí)腐敗的社會(huì)。attack the britain

parliamentarism and reactionary religious forces, according to describe gulliver’s four-time distress to show the writer has understood the contemporary social corruption, and attack the corrupted society by satire at that tinry fielding is the father of english smith is the first american jefferson is the writer of the declaration of literature of romanticism period is from american war of independence to before the civil ing historical romance loaded with symbolism and deep psychological themes, bordering on

depictions of the past are a version of historical fiction used only as a vehicle to express

transcendentalism是美國浪漫主義最高潮時(shí)期的體驗(yàn)，認(rèn)為世間萬物都是平等的。

henry david thoreau is the beginner of melville, american novelist, proser and dick, in which shows the struggle between

mankind and nature and draw people’s attention on how to get along with nature wants to subvert transcendentalism.9.詩歌鑒賞

sonnet 18

shall i compare thee to a summer's day?我能否將你比作夏天？

thou art more lovely and more temperate:你比夏天更美麗溫婉。

rough winds do shake the darling buds of may,狂風(fēng)將五月的蓓蕾凋殘，and summer's lease hath all too short a date;夏日的勾留何其短暫。

sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,休戀那麗日當(dāng)空，and often is his gold complexion dimm'd,轉(zhuǎn)眼會(huì)云霧迷蒙。

and every fair from fair sometime declines,休嘆那百花飄零，by chance or nature's changing course untrimm'd:催折于無常的天命。

but thy eternal summer shall not fade唯有你永恒的夏日常新

nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,你的美貌亦毫發(fā)無損。

nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,死神也無緣將你幽禁，when in eternal lines to time thou grow'st.你在我永恒的詩中長存。

so long as men can breathe or eyes can see,只要世間尚有人吟誦我的詩篇，so long lives this,and this gives life to thee.這詩就將不朽，永葆你的芳顏。

全詩的基本格律是五音步抑揚(yáng)格（iambic pentameter），包括三個(gè)四行組（quatrain）和一個(gè)對(duì)偶句(couplet)，采用典型的莎氏十四行的韻式，即abab cdcd efef gg。

二、比喻和描述有時(shí)平淡或離奇，破壞意美

sonnet 29

when, in disgrace with fortune and man's eyes當(dāng)我受盡命運(yùn)和人們的白眼，i all alone beweep my outcast state暗暗地哀悼自己的身世飄零，and trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries徒用呼吁去干擾聾瞶的昊天,and look upon my self and curse my fate顧盼著身影，詛咒自己的生辰，wishing me like to one more rich in hope愿我和另一個(gè)一樣富于希望，featured like him,like him with friends possess'd面貌相似，又和他一樣廣交游，desiring this man's art and that man's scope希求這人的淵博，那人的內(nèi)行，with what i most enjoy contented least最賞心的樂事覺得最不對(duì)頭；

yet in these thought myself almost despising可是，當(dāng)我正要這樣看輕自己，haply i think on thee,and then my state忽然想起了你，于是我的精神，like to the lark at break of day arising便象云雀破曉從陰霾的大地

from sullen earth sings hymns at heaven's gate振翮上升，高唱著圣歌在天門：

for thy sweet love remember'd such wealth brings一想起你的愛使我那么富有，that then i scorn to change my state with kings和帝王換位我也不屑于屈就。

賞析：對(duì)社會(huì)、對(duì)自己的命運(yùn)的不滿和無奈。格律是五音步抑揚(yáng)格（iambic pentameter）.韻式，即abab

cdcd efef gg。

to a waterfowl《 致 水 鳥 》

-----by william cullen bryant威廉·卡倫·布賴恩特

whither, 'midst falling dew,披著滴落的露珠，while glow the heavens with the last steps of day,天空燦爛，白日的行程就要結(jié)束；

far, through their rosy depths, dost thou pursue穿過玫瑰色的遙遠(yuǎn)空際，thy solitary way?你往何方把孤單的前程追逐？

總結(jié)：as the dew falls and the sun sets in the rosy depths of the heavens, i wonder where you(waterfowl)are

going?

vainly the fowler's eye看你遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)飛翔而無計(jì)可施，might mark thy distant flight to do thee wrong,捕鳥人的眼光徒勞眷顧；

as, darkly painted on the crimson sky,滿天紅霞把你映襯，thy figure floats along.暗黑的身影飄飄飛舞。

總結(jié)：the hunter can bring no harm to you ,you are free and t success, a hunter(fowler)might try to

bring you down as you float in silhouette against the crimson evening 'st thou the plashy brink你是在尋找開闊的大河之濱，of weedy lake, or marge of river wide,還是波浪拍岸的水草之湖？

or where the rocking billows rise and sink或者潮水沖刷的海灘，on the chafed ocean side?那里的巨浪奔騰起伏？

? 總結(jié)：are you seeking for a place that is suitable for rest? are you looking for the marshy edge of a lake,the bank of a river, or the shore of the ocean?

there is a power whose care有上蒼把你關(guān)照，teaches thy way along that pathless coast,--在無路的海岸為你指路，the desert and illimitable air,--在荒漠和無邊的空際，lone wandering, but not lost.你孤單的飄蕩不致迷途。

? 總結(jié)：there is a power that leads you on your way across deserts and through unlimited expanses of may be wandering and alone, but you are not day thy wings have fann'd你成天翕動(dòng)翅膀，at that far height, the cold thin atmosphere:任空氣稀薄暴風(fēng)寒冷，飛在高處，yet stoop not, weary, to the welcome land,疲乏中你不肯降落舒適的大地，though the dark night is near.即使黑夜即將緊閉它的帷幕。

總結(jié)：you have been flying the whole day, but do not stop and have a rest though dark is have been flapping your wings all day high in the sky, yet you continue on even though night is near and land beckons beneath soon that toil shall end,你很快就會(huì)結(jié)束這樣的勞苦，soon shalt thou find a summer home, and rest,你即將找到你夏天的住處；

and scream among thy fellows;reeds shall bend休息中呼喚自己的伙伴，soon o'er thy sheltered nest.蘆葦也會(huì)躬身把你的窩巢遮護(hù)。

? 總結(jié)：you have a strong desire to be with your family;or, to achieve your your journey will

you will descend to your summer , you will scream among others of your kind and find secure shelter among the tall 'rt gone, the abyss of heaven你的身軀全被吞沒，hath swallowed up thy form;yet, on my heart天堂深淵里，你蹤影全無；

deeply hath sunk the lesson thou hast given,然而你的啟迪深深留在我的心底，and shall not soon depart.我將久久地久久地把它記住。

? 總結(jié):i can no longer see you, but i will never forget the lesson you taught , who, from zone to zone,誰，從一個(gè)地方到另一個(gè)地方，guides through the boundless sky thy certain flight,指引你穿越無限的天空作必然的飛翔，in the long way that i must tread alone,也會(huì)在我必須獨(dú)自跋涉的長途上，will lead my steps aright.正確地引導(dǎo)我的腳步。

賞析：there are eight 4-line stanzas, in each stanza, their rhyme is abab.

英美文學(xué)1000題 英美文學(xué)18世紀(jì)英國文學(xué)篇二

part three

the period of the english bourgeois revolution

english bourgeois revolution

important points

? kinds of poets.? puritan poet(清教徒派詩人),? cavalier poet(?；逝稍娙?,? the metaphysical poet(玄學(xué)派詩人).? ry term: metaphysical poetry?(玄學(xué)派詩歌)

the outburst of the english revolution

literature of

the revolution periodthe weakening of the tie

the representative poetsof the three kinds:

john milton(1608—1674)john milton約翰?¤彌爾頓

milton’s works

?

?

?

? three literary periods: period: poems written in cambridge and at horton;-aged period: political articles pamphlets; period of his old age: three giant ’s works of his early days

? poems written in cambridge and at horton:

? the morning of christ’s nativity《基督誕生晨頌》, first important work

? 2.l’allegro《快樂的人》

penseroso《幽思的人》

? 《科瑪斯》a mask假面劇, in blank verse

? s 《利西達(dá)斯》,expressing the pathos(哀頌)of his friend edward king’s(愛德華·金)premature(過早的)death

milton’s works

? works of his adult years:

? ets on religious reform

of reformation in england《論英國改革》

? ets on marriage and spanorce: doctrine and discipline of spanorce

《離婚的戒律與學(xué)說》

? gitica 《論出版自由” 》

a prose work for the freedom of the pressmilton’s revolutionary works: ? e of the english people

? 《為英國人民聲辯》

? second defence of the english people ? 《再為英國人民聲辯》

? to answer salmasius’ accusation

defence of the english people

1)a pamphlet against the spanine right(至高無上的權(quán)利)of the king.? 2)people made the king, so the king should do everything for the second defence of the english people ? 1)an answer to the productions against the commonwealth.? 2)fight for the liberty of the nations in the world and recover their lost ’s works of old age

? se lost(masterpiece)

? 《失樂園》

? se regained

? 《復(fù)樂園》

? agonistes

? 《力士參孫》

analysis of paradise lost

’s masterpiece.?in 12 books.? from the old testament.? characters: satan, god, archangel, adam, eve… ? is about satan’s rebellion against god and the expulsion(驅(qū)逐)of adam and eve from the garden of and characterization

? theme of the poem is a revolt against god’s authority.? what do the main characters resemble?

? : selfish despot暴君,cruel, unjust

? and eve embody milton’s belief in

the______________, craving(longing)for and characterization

? ’s angels are foolish, resembling the court of an absolute monarch.? is a rebel against tyranny(專制，暴行)and satan and his followers resemble a image of satan

? is the real hero of the poem.? is firmer than the rest of the angels.? has an invincible(戰(zhàn)無不勝的) image of satan

? remains superior in nobility and welcomes his defeat and his torments as a glory, a liberty and a joy;? is the spirit questioning the authority of god.? makes satan as his own mouthpiece(代言人).paradise regained《復(fù)樂園》

? tells how christ overcame satan’s temptations.? is the sequel(續(xù)集)of paradise agonistes

?

samson agonistes

?

samson agonistes? samson agonistes?

milton’s handful of少量的 sonnets

?(1)18 english and 5 italian sonnets．

?(2)they are compact（文體簡(jiǎn)潔，緊湊）and well organized.?(3)the language is simple and unadorned（不加修飾的）, but summary

? was political in both his life and his art.? militant pamphleteer:富于戰(zhàn)斗性的冊(cè)子

? wrote the greatest epic , paradise lost, in the english literature.? omnipresent無所不在的brief summary

? is a master of the blank paradise lose, milton acquired an absolute

mastery of the blank verse.? is a great stylist.(biblical圣經(jīng)的;conscientious認(rèn)真的 rhetorical

devices修辭手段;latinisms拉丁語語言現(xiàn)象, resonance反響, 共鳴)

? is admired for his sublimity(崇高)of thought and majesty(威嚴(yán))of e

英美文學(xué)1000題 英美文學(xué)18世紀(jì)英國文學(xué)篇三

《英美文學(xué)》復(fù)習(xí)方法

一、找到《英美文學(xué)》的輔導(dǎo)書，例如《自考一本通》《自考直通車》等類型的漢語版輔導(dǎo)書。

二、先把漢語版輔導(dǎo)書的課文翻譯通讀，理解了全書每個(gè)章節(jié)的內(nèi)容和知識(shí)點(diǎn)；用漢語記錄重點(diǎn)；

三、第一輪復(fù)習(xí)順序：

1、先看英國文學(xué)，后看美國文學(xué)

2、按照時(shí)間順序看，每個(gè)時(shí)代都有代表性文學(xué)流派和代表作家及代表性作品

3、按照課本的章節(jié)順序，看完漢語譯文后，對(duì)照英語譯文，劃出課本上對(duì)每個(gè)時(shí)代代表性流派，代表作家和代表作品的描述和評(píng)論。名詞性描述一般是填空題和選擇搭配題；評(píng)論部分是簡(jiǎn)單題和問答題；*只看代表性的重要信息，非代表性作品和作家生平介紹不用看；記住某個(gè)時(shí)代某個(gè)流派有哪些代表作家，哪些代表性作品及該作品的簡(jiǎn)要介紹和評(píng)論。

4、按照章節(jié)劃出重點(diǎn)信息，然后整理筆記；

5、全部整理完畢之后，基本上對(duì)文學(xué)史和代表文學(xué)作品有了基本了解。

四、第二輪復(fù)習(xí)順序

1、找到歷年真題，做題的時(shí)候?qū)φ沾鸢福瑢ふ以摯鸢冈谡n文原文中的原始線索，并作好整理記錄；

2、整理理解全部真題的答案以后，對(duì)課本的重點(diǎn)知識(shí)就有了比較清楚的理解；

五、考前突擊復(fù)習(xí)

1、依據(jù)真題筆記和第二輪復(fù)習(xí)的筆記，對(duì)不熟悉的部分進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)。

2、根據(jù)以往考題的研究，舊題還會(huì)重新考，所以大家要關(guān)注所有做過的真題和各章節(jié)中沒有考過的但屬于代表性知識(shí)的部分，這些有可能是將要考的新題。自學(xué)考試已經(jīng)有歷史了，所以過去的真題加起來也就是全書的重點(diǎn)知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)，所以認(rèn)真復(fù)習(xí)真題并理解消化，整理幫助記憶，這對(duì)于考試制勝是最好的辦法。

*警告：千萬不要拋開課本直接做真題；

千萬不要死記硬背，而是要在理解的基礎(chǔ)上反復(fù)讀，抄寫，默記；反復(fù)整理筆記，新的筆記只記錄沒有掌握好的，直到最后的筆記成為提綱式的。

〈高級(jí)英語〉復(fù)習(xí)方法說明；

一、對(duì)照輔導(dǎo)書，精讀課文，做課后練習(xí)；

二、找來歷年考試真題，認(rèn)真做，查到答案在課本中的相關(guān)地方

三、認(rèn)真復(fù)習(xí)真題，總結(jié)知識(shí)點(diǎn)；錯(cuò)題本，反復(fù)研究錯(cuò)題

四、回到課本，從頭到尾認(rèn)真閱讀課文，全面復(fù)習(xí)重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)；

五、整理真題，再次復(fù)習(xí)錯(cuò)題；

*高級(jí)英語上下冊(cè)32個(gè)單元，復(fù)習(xí)面積很大，所以必須早動(dòng)手，狠下功夫。

祝愿大家能夠取得優(yōu)秀的成績！